Key Features of OPC:

• Only one shareholder and one nominee required

• Limited liability protection

• Separate legal entity from the owner

• Not suitable for raising VC or equity funding

• Cannot carry out Non-Banking Financial Investment or charity activities

✅ Eligibility Criteria:

• Only a natural person who is an Indian citizen and resident in India can incorporate an OPC.

• A person can be a member of only one OPC.

• The nominee must also be a natural person and Indian resident.

📋 Documents Required:

For Director/Shareholder:

• PAN card

• Aadhaar card

• Passport size photo

• Address proof (Bank statement/Utility bill – not older than 2 months)

For Registered Office:

• Rent agreement (if rented) or ownership proof

• Utility bill (electricity/water/gas – not older than 2 months)

• NOC from owner (if rented)

🛠️ Step-by-Step OPC Registration Process:

1. Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)

• Required for signing forms online

• Get it from a certifying agency (e.g., eMudhra, VSign)

2. Director Identification Number (DIN)

• Apply along with company registration form (SPICe+)

3. Name Approval

• File Part A of SPICe+ Form on the MCA portal

• Name should end with “(OPC) Private Limited”

4. Draft MOA & AOA

• MOA: Main business activities and objectives

• AOA: Internal rules and regulations

• Add nominee details (required for OPC)

5. File SPICe+ Form (Part B)

Includes:

• PAN, TAN, EPFO, ESIC, Professional Tax (for Maharashtra), and bank account application

• Attach MOA, AOA, declarations, and other documents

6. Get Certificate of Incorporation (COI)

• Issued by the Registrar of Companies (ROC)

• Includes PAN and TAN details

💡 Post-Incorporation Compliances:

• Open current bank account

• GST registration (if applicable)

• File annual returns and financial statements

• Conduct mandatory annual board meetings

• Auditor appointment within 30 days (if applicable)

⚖️ Advantages of OPC:

• Limited liability protection

• Separate legal entity

• Better credibility than a sole proprietorship

• Easier to manage (only one owner)

⚠️ Limitations:

• Cannot have more than one shareholder

• Annual turnover must not exceed ₹2 crores (for small company status)

• Paid-up capital must not exceed ₹50 lakhs

• Cannot convert voluntarily to a private limited company unless 2 years have passed (unless limits are breached)